Fatores comportamentais e metabólicos envolvidos no ganho de peso

Nathane Pires da Silva; Alessandra Alegre de Matos; Geani Marins

doi:10.61565/revista-aquila.i34.360

Autores

Nathane Pires da Silva Universidade Veiga de Almeida
Alessandra Alegre de Matos
Geani Marins Universidade Veiga de Almeida

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61565/revista-aquila.i34.360

Palavras-chave:

Obesidade, Perda de peso, Reganho de peso, Apetite

Resumo

A obesidade é um problema de saúde pública crescente e afeta 1 em cada 8 pessoas no mundo. Embora a dieta seja a forma mais comum de emagrecimento, sua eficácia isolada é limitada, com alta taxa de reganho de peso. Este artigo revisa os principais mecanismos comportamentais e metabólicos envolvidos nesse processo. Foi realizada uma busca bibliográfica nas bases PubMed, Nature e Scopus, com artigos em português e inglês, publicados entre 2014 e 2024. Foram utilizadas as palavras-chave: obesidade, perda de peso, reganho de peso, mecanismos adaptativos, apetite, recompensa e comportamento. Foram incluídos 30 estudos que abordam as adaptações fisiológicas à perda de peso, como redução do gasto energético, alterações hormonais e aumento do apetite, além do impacto do ambiente obesogênico. A revisão conclui que os mecanismos subjacentes ao reganho de peso ainda não estão totalmente esclarecidos, sendo necessários estudos de longo prazo que considerem tais fatores para uma abordagem mais eficaz no tratamento da obesidade.

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